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Download IGNOU MBA Solved Assignments 2015 (January - June)

CODE	COURSE TITLE	DOWNLOAD
MS-01	Management Functions and Behaviour	Download
MS-02	Management of Human Resources	Download
MS-03	Economic and Social Environment	Download
MS-04	Accounting and Finance for Managers	Download
MS-05	Management of Machines and Materials	Download
MS-06	Marketing for Managers	Download
MS-07	Information Systems for Managers	Download
MS-08	Quantitative Analysis for Managerial Applications	Download
MS-09	Managerial Economics	Download
MS-10	Organisational Design, Development and Change)	Download
MS-11	Managerial Economics	Download
MS-24	Employment Relations	Download
MS-41	Working Capital Management	Download
MS-42	Capital Investment and Financing Decisions	Download
MS-52	Project Management)	Download
MS-53	Production/Operations Management	Download
MS-54	Management Information Systems	Download
MS-62	Sales Management	Download

IGNOU MBA MS-62 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-62 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MBA & MP MS-62 (Sales Management) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-62
Course Title : Sales Management
Assignment Code : MS-62/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. What is Sales Management? Discuss the considerations in the formulation of Sales Strategy for the following products:

(a) Any Industrial Product of your choice
(b) For a newly introduced consumer durable (ceiling fan brand) in a highly competitive market.

Ans:

Sales management is a business discipline which is focused on the practical application of sales techniques and the management of a firm's sales operations. It is an important business function as net sales through the sale of products and services and resulting profit drive most commercial business. These are also typically the goals and performance indicators of sales management.

Sales management refers to the administration of the personal selling component of an organization's marketing program. It includes the planning, implementation, and control of sales programs, as well as recruiting, training, motivating, and evaluating members of the sales force. The fundamental role of the sales manager is to develop and administer a selling program that effectively contributes to the achievement of the goals of the overall organization. The term "sales manager" may be properly applied to several members of an organization, including: marketing executives, managers of field sales forces, district and division managers, and product line sales administrators. This text emphasizes the role of managers that oversee a field sales force.

The attainment of sales force goals in an effective and efficient manner through planning, staffing, training, directing, and evaluating organizational resources.”

Note that these functions are mentioned repeatedly in these summaries of sales management:

• Sales planning
• Recruiting / staffing
• Training
• Controlling / directing
• Evaluating
• Effectiveness / efficiency
• Compensation

A) Any Industrial Product of your choice of Formulation of Sales Strategy for Lux

Setting Lux Product objectives - The key component of any strategy statement is to set the long-term objectives of the organization. It is known that strategy is generally a medium for realization of organizational objectives. Objectives stress the state of being there whereas Strategy stresses upon the process of reaching there. Strategy includes both the fixation of objectives as well the medium to be used to realize those objectives. Thus, strategy is a wider term which believes in the manner of deployment of resources so as to achieve the objectives.

While fixing the organizational objectives, it is essential that the factors which influence the selection of objectives must be analyzed before the selection of objectives. Once the objectives and the factors influencing strategic decisions have been determined, it is easy to take strategic decisions.
Evaluating the Uniliver Environment - The next step is to evaluate the general economic and industrial environment in which the organization operates. This includes a review of the Uniliver competitive position. It is essential to conduct a qualitative and quantitative review of an organizations existing product line. The purpose of such a review is to make sure that the factors important for competitive success in the market can be discovered so that the management can identify their own strengths and weaknesses as well as their competitors’ strengths and weaknesses.

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Download Free MS-54 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-54 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MBA & MP MS-54 (Management Information Systems) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-54
Course Title : Management Information Systems
Assignment Code : MS-54/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. What is the role played by business information in an organization? Define Management Information System and discuss various characteristics expected of a good MIS.

Ans:

Role played by business information in an organization

Communication

For many companies, email is the principal means of communication between employees, suppliers and customers. Email was one of the early drivers of the Internet, providing a simple and inexpensive means to communicate. Over the years, a number of other communications tools have also evolved, allowing staff to communicate using live chat systems, online meeting tools and video-conferencing systems. Voice over internet protocol (VOIP) telephones and smart-phones offer even more high-tech ways for employees to communicate.

Inventory Management

When it comes to managing inventory, organizations need to maintain enough stock to meet demand without investing in more than they require. Inventory management systems track the quantity of each item a company maintains, triggering an order of additional stock when the quantities fall below a pre-determined amount. These systems are best used when the inventory management system is connected to the point-of-sale (POS) system. The POS system ensures that each time an item is sold, one of that item is removed from the inventory count, creating a closed information loop between all departments.

Data Management

The days of large file rooms, rows of filing cabinets and the mailing of documents is fading fast. Today, most companies store digital versions of documents on servers and storage devices. These documents become instantly available to everyone in the company, regardless of their geographical location. Companies are able to store and maintain a tremendous amount of historical data economically, and employees benefit from immediate access to the documents they need.

Management Information Systems

Storing data is only a benefit if that data can be used effectively. Progressive companies use that data as part of their strategic planning process as well as the tactical execution of that strategy. Management Information Systems (MIS) enable companies to track sales data, expenses and productivity levels. The information can be used to track profitability over time, maximize return on investment and identify areas of improvement. Managers can track sales on a daily basis, allowing them to immediately react to lower-than-expected numbers by boosting employee productivity or reducing the cost of an item.

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IGNOU MS-53 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-53 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-53 (Production/Operations Management) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS - 53
Course Title : Production/Operations Management
Assignment Code : MS-53/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. What is the system view of operations Management? Identify the input, process and output for the following production systems.
a) Automobile manufacturing
b) A restaurant

Ans:
System view of operations Management

A System is a group of interrelated items in which no item studied in isolation will act in the same way as it would in the system.A system is divided into a series of parts or subsystems, and any system is a part of a larger system.The system’s boundary defines what is inside the system and what is outside.A system’s environment is everything outside the system boundary that may have an impact on the behaviour of the system.A system’s inputs are the physical objects of information that enter it from the environment and its outputs are the same which leave it for the environment.

The activities in an operations system can be classified as inputs, transformation process and output. Inputs are classified into three general categories-external, market and primary resources. Transformation resources are the elements that act on, or carry out, the transformation process on other elements. These include such elements as labour, equipment/plant and energy. The nature and mix of these resources will differ between operations. The transformed resources are the elements which give the operations system its purpose and goal. The operations system is concerned with converting the transformed resources from inputs into outputs in the form of goods and services. There are three main types of transformed resource of materials which can be transformed either physically(e.g. manufacturing),by location (e.g. transportation),by ownership(e.g.retail) or by storage(e.g.Warehousing) or other private services, Government services.

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Download MS-52 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-52 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-52 (Project Management) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-52
Course Title : Project Management
Assignment Code : MS-52/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. Distinguish between project and production management, giving examples. What, according to you, are the critical success factors in project management?

Ans:

There will be a crossroad, at some point, when every contractor must evaluate the direction of the business in order to begin the growth of the company. This crossroad will define the company’s management, and how current and future projects are being contracted and completed. This article will help define the differences between two models, Project Management and Production Management, to better understand each and explain the benefits and pitfalls in detail.

The Project Manager model, by name, indicates the management function. The Project Manager is, in whole, the responsible individual for procuring the work, bidding, manpower, subbing, cost management, purchasing, etc.

Example

Most companies will not financially be able to provide any additional help, such as, secretarial, estimating or purchasing. This leaves the Project Manager in a problematic position. In scale, the Project Manager must solicit work by advertising, using bid rooms or other methods of securing projects to bid on. Finding time to bid the projects, knowing the capture rates can be as low as 1 in 10 can place our Project Manager in position of not managing current work in progress. The Project Manager is left with two possible occurrences:

1) A job without proper management could become problematic overnight. This situation is avoidable through good planning and support from executive management.
2) Severe changes in workloads, going from high levels to low levels, or no work at all. While the Project Manager was unable to sell or bid projects during the high work load period due to managing the work, the “Peak and Valley” syndrome will dominate.

This is not to say all Project Managers operate in such a manner. These scenarios exist and work well, provided the executive management plays a role in defining the needs and having the capability to cope during the valley segments. The Project Manager must be able to manage time very well and keep compliant with schedules and manpower requirements to meet production goals.


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IGNOU MS-42 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-42 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-42 (Capital Investment and Financing Decisions) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-42
Course Title : Capital Investment and Financing Decisions
Assignment Code : MS-42/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. What do you understand by Economic Appraisal of a project? Discuss the various aspects of economic appraisal and explain their significance.

Ans:
Economic Appraisal - hereafter referred to simply as "appraisal" - is about getting a good deal from public expenditure. It is a key tool for achieving value for money and satisfying public accountability requirements. It is a systematic process for examining alternative uses of resources, focusing on assessment of needs, objectives, options, costs, benefits, risks, funding, affordability and other factors relevant to decisions. Appraisal is:-

• Designed to assist in defining problems and finding solutions that offer the best value for money (VFM).
• A way of thinking expenditure proposals through, right from the emergence of the need for a policy, programme or project, until its implementation.
• The established vehicle for planning and approving public expenditure policies, programmes and projects.

Economic appraisal and economic evaluation are general names for a set of techniques that weigh up the costs of an action against the benefits that it provides. The distinction between appraisal and evaluation is that appraisal is undertaken before the action is taken, to decide what is to be done, and evaluation is undertaken after the action, to monitor its effects. However, except in certain circumstances this distinction is usually forgotten and the terms are used interchangeably in much of health economics. In recent years, the expression evaluation has become dominant in the health economics literature, but appraisal is used here.

The usual label given to this activity in economics is cost-benefit analysis (CBA). However, that term is often reserved in health economics for a particular technique related to the measurement of overall allocation efficiency, as defined in Section

This will be explained below. CBA is a structured approach to help decision makers choose between alternative ways of using resources. Its main aim is to measure efficiency in areas where there is public involvement and there are therefore no market-based measures available to judge issues of efficiency. Equity issues should, in principle, be considered as part of an economic appraisal, but there are fewer formal techniques available to analyse this aspect.

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Download MS-41 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-41 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-41 (Working Capital Management) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-41
Course Title : Working Capital Management
Assignment Code : MS-41/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q1. Distinguish the different working capital financing strategies. Under the present capital and money market conditions which of these would you recommend to a consumer durable manufacturing firm. Explain with reasons & list out your assumption, if any.

Ans: There are broadly 3 working capital management strategies / approaches to choose the mix of long and short term funds for financing the net working capital of a firm viz. Conservative, Aggressive, Hedging (Or Maturity Matching) approach. These strategies are different because of their different trade-off between risk and profitability. Another remarkable difference is the extent or proportion of application of long and short term fund to finance the working capital.

The terms methods of working capital management, strategies and approaches to working capital management are interchangeably used in general parlance. But, ultimately the concept is important. We need to understand the following relationship in depth for understanding the concept in its true sense.

SHORT TERM vs. LONG TERM FINANCING VIS A VIS RISK AND PROFITABILITY TRADEOFF

Profitability Standpoint: In general, short term interest rates are cheaper to long term interest rates because of the term premium. That means short term has lower interest cost and higher profitability whereas long term has higher interest cost and lower profitability. Especially, when the long term funds are utilized to finance the working capital, unnecessary interest is paid for the periods when the funds are not utilized. In essence, the short term financing wins the race if profitability is the concern. Let’s now look at the risk concern.

Risk Standpoint: There are two risks involved in short term financing viz. Refinancing Risk and Risk of Interest Rate Fluctuations with Refinancing. Refinancing is very uncertain and if the lender denies it for any reason, the options left to the borrower for making payment is either to sell off the assets and pay or file for liquidation if failed to realize the assets. Risk of adverse change in interest rate while refinancing may increase the cost of financing and this risk leads to low profitability. On the contrary, long term financing neither have refinancing risk nor the risk of change of interest rate frequently. Here, the long term financing wins the race...

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IGNOU MS-24 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-24 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-24 (Employment Relations) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-24
Course Title : Employment Relations
Assignment Code : MS-24/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Describe the factors responsible for the evolution of Indian Labour policy. Discuss the recent developments in the field of industrial relations in India.

Ans.: Discussion of Indian labour law and industrial relations is often divided into discrete time periods, reflecting important stages in the evolution of the Indian state as well as stages of economic development and policy. Labour policy in lndia has been evolving in response to the specific needs of the situation in relation to industry and the working class and has to suit the requirements of a planned economy. A body of principles and practices has grown up as a product of joint consultation in which representatives of Government, the working class and employers have been participating at various levels. The legislation and other measures adopted by Government in this field represent the consensus of opinion of the parties vitally concerned and thus acquire the strength and character of a national policy, operating on a voluntary basis. Joint committees have been set up to assist in the formulation of policies as well as their implementation. At the apex of this tripartite machinery is the Indian Labour Conference.

The structure of industrial relations has been designed for the purpose of securing peace in industry and a fair deal for the wolkers. When the efforts of the parties fail to secure an amicable settlement of industrial disputes, the Government has assumed powers of intervention. Provision has been made for conciliation of disputes and for enabling the State to refer unresolved differences to tribunals set up for the purpose. Stoppages of work after such a reference and any contravention of awards and agreements have been made illegal. This system has helped to check the growth of industrial unrest and has brought for the working class a measure of advance and a sense of security which could not otherwise have been achieved. At the same time, the spirit of litigation grew and delays attendant on legal processes gave rise to widespread dissatisfaction. In the course of the Second Five Year Plan a new approach was, therefore, introduced to counteract the unhealthy trends and gave a more positive orientation to industrial relations, based on moral rather than legal sanctions. The stress now is on prevention of unrest by timely action at the appropriate stages and giving adequate attention to root causes. This involves a basic change in the attitudes and outlook off the parties and the new set of readjustments in their mutual relations.

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Download MS-11 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-11 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-11 (Managerial Economics) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code : MS-11
Course Title : Managerial Economics
Assignment Code : MS-11/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Explain how the concept of leverage stretch and fit positions the firm in the market. Illustrate your answer with the help of examples.

Ans.: Using the leverage of time is the most fundamental strategy for success. There are only so many hours in a day that you can work. If you use only your own time, you can achieve only so much. If you leverage other people's time, you can increase productivity to an extraordinary extent. In the article “Strategy as Stretch and Leverage” by G. Hamel and CK Prahalad write: Global competition is not just product-versus-product or company-versus-company. It’s mindset-versus-mindset. Driven to understand the dynamics of competition, we have learned a lot about what makes one company more successful than another. But to find the ‘root of competitiveness’– to understand why some companies create new forms of competitive advantage, while others watch and follow– we must look at the strategic mindsets. For many managers, being strategic means pursuing opportunities that fit the company’s resources. This approach is not wrong, but it obscures an approach in which ‘stretch’ supplements ‘fit’, which means creating chasm between ambition and resource… and where leverage complements the strategic allocation of resources. Managers at competitive companies can get a bigger-bang-for-the-buck in five basic ways: Concentrate resources around strategic goals; accumulate resources more efficiently; complement one kind of resource with another; conserve resources whenever they can; and recover resources from the market-place as quickly as possible.

The concept of strategic intent is widely popular, and it gained currency from his article with the same title in Harvard Business Review, May-June 1989 (Hammel and Prahalad, 1989). This concept went much further than specific strategic goals and milestones, but was not so broad as organizational purpose; it was a sort of vision of what the organization’s position in a business would be like at a future point. I found it hard to distinguish it from a broad strategic objective, and though executed in incremental steps, organizations do have a direction and consistency in their actions with a view to achieving the broad objective. Strategic intent implied also a stretch in the organization (a concept he developed later as “stretch and leverage,” see below) and its resources, with a view to achieving something not recognized as easily achievable. Strategic intent would thus be a stretched and clearly understood broad strategic objective of what a firm intended to achieve. It enabled a firm to strive to reach out to much greater heights than would be apparent from a traditional SWOT analysis. The concept of core competence challenged the managers to view their firms as a portfolio of competencies rather than as a portfolio of businesses....

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IGNOU MS-04 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-04 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-04 (Accounting and Finance for Managers) Solved Assignment for January 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

IGNOU MS-04 (Accounting and Finance for Managers) Solved Assignment January 2015 Preview

Course Code : MS-04
Course Title : Accounting and Finance for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-04/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Q1. “Accounting is closely connected with control”. Elaborate this statement and discuss the role of accounting feedback in the process of control.

Ans: Controls are an integral part of any organization's financial and Accouting Process Controls consists of all the measures taken by the organization for the purpose of Internal accounting control and of procedures designed to promote and protect management practices, both general and financial. Following are the role played by accounting in the process of control.

Developing an Internal Accounting Control System
The first step in developing an effective internal accounting control system is to identify those areas where abuses or errors are likely to occur. A Guide for Management, includes the following areas and objectives in developing an effective internal accounting control system:

Cash receipts
To ensure that all cash intended for the organization is received, promptly deposited, properly recorded, reconciled, and kept under adequate security.

Cash disbursements
To ensure that cash is disbursed only upon proper authorization of management, for valid business purposes, and that all disbursements are properly recorded.

Petty cash
To ensure that petty cash and other working funds are disbursed only for proper purposes, are adequately safeguarded, and properly recorded.

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Welcome to IGNOU MS-10 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-10 (Organisational Design, Development and Change) Solved Assignment for (January - June) 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

IGNOU MS-10 (Organisational Design, Development and Change) Solved Assignment January 2015 Preview

Course Code: MS-10
Course Title: Organisational Design, Development and Change
Assignment Code: MS-10/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage: All Blocks

Note : Attempt all questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study centre.

Q1. What are the different approaches to organisation? Briefly explain the 7s model with the help of examples.

Ans: The basic elements of organisations have remained the same over the years. Organisations have purposes (be they explicit or implicit), attract people, acquire and use resources to achieve the objectives, use some form of structure to divide (division of labour) and coordinate activities, and rely on certain positions/people to lead or manage others. While the elements of organizations are the same as ever before, the purposes o\f organisation, structures, ways of doing things, methods of coordination and control have always varied widely over the years and even at the same time amongst different organisations. For example, public sector organisation in India with there multiple objectives in early years were not roused by the profit motive but are now required to make surpluses. At a given point in the time of history. Ford Motors relied more on centralization and General Motors on decentralization. The crucial aspect that accounts for the differences is how an organisation adapts itself to the environment. Organisation being part of the society affects and is affected by the changes in society. The changes could be social, economic, technical, legal or political; they could be in input (labour, capital, materials etc.) or output markets.

It is essential to develop a perspective understanding about organisations because human behaviour and organisational behaviour are influenced by the people in organisations and the specific characteristics in the basic elements in the organisations and the way they adapt themselves to the environment. There is considerable body of knowledge and literature, called organisation theories, developed over the years reflecting what goes on in organisations. Organisation theories are sets of propositions which seek to explain or predict how individuals and groups behave indifferent organisational structures and circumstances.

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Download MS-09 Solved Assignment 2015

Welcome to IGNOU MS-09 Solved Assignment 2015 download section of myignou.in. Here you will be able to download IGNOU MS-09 (Managerial Economics) Solved Assignment for January 2015 session for free exclusively on this website. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

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Course Code: MS-09
Course Title: Managerial Economics
Assignment Code: MS-08/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage: All Blocks

Q1. "The opportunity cost of anything is the return that can be had from the next best alternative use." Explain this statement with reference to gun-versus-butter debate.

Ans: An opportunity cost is defined as the value of a forgone activity or alternative when another item or activity is chosen. Opportunity cost comes into play in any decision that involves a trade off between two or more options. It is expressed as the relative cost of one alternative in terms of the next-best alternative. Opportunity cost is an important economic concept that finds application in a wide range of business decisions.

Opportunity costs are often overlooked in decision making. For example, to define the costs of a college education, a student would probably include such costs as tuition, housing, and books. These expenses are examples of accounting or monetary costs of college, but they by no means provide an all-inclusive list of costs. There are many opportunity costs that have been ignored: (1) wages that could have been earned during the time spent attending class, (2) the value of four years' job experience given up to go to school, (3) the value of any activities missed in order to allocate time to studying, and (4) the value of items that could have purchased with tuition money or the interest the money could have earned over four years.

These opportunity costs may have significant value even though they may not have a specific monetary value. The decision maker must often subjectively estimate Opportunity costs. If all options were purely financial, the value of all costs would be concrete, such as in the example of a mutual fund investment. If a person invests $10,000 in Mutual Fund ABC for one year, then he forgoes the returns that could have been made on that same $10,000 if it was placed in stock RELIANCE INDUSTRIES. If returns were expected to be 17 percent on the stock, then the investor has an opportunity cost of $1,700. The mutual fund may only expect returns of 10 percent ($1,000), so the difference between the two is $700.

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IGNOU MS-06 Solved Assignment 2015

Indira Gandhi National Open University's Management Programme students can download MS-06 Solved Assignment January 2015 for free exclusively on myignou.in. Marketing for Managers (MS-06 or MS-6) can be directly downloaded by clicking on the following download button below. To get other solved assignments like our facebook page.

IGNOU MS-06 (Marketing for Managers) Solved Assignment January 2015 Preview

Course Code : MS-06
Course Title : Marketing for Managers
Assignment Code : MS-06/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. (a) Distinguish Product Marketing Vs Services Marketing with suitable illustrations.

Ans.: The whole “product versus service marketing” topic is nothing new to marketers all over the world. Google the term and you will find more than enough material on topics such as the tangibility versus intangibility and how product marketing is relatively easier as compared to services marketing. I have collaborated with both software services and software product marketing teams over the years and the experience has been very different.

A key point that marketers have to remember is that the customer is the best advertiser, be it a product or a service. It is basic human nature to go for the tried, tested and validated products/services. This comes from our innate nature of not wanting to take too many risks. The primary reason product and services marketing differ based on this innate human nature.

Products are described as tangible, which can be touched, felt or experienced. A software product can be downloaded and a trial version could be installed in your system. Consider the average user of smart phones. It is highly likely that a majority of these users has never read the user manual unless they encounter some serious problems. Then, how is it that they are quite efficient at operating it? It is because they learn by experimentation. This experimentation is possible because the product is tangible. Repeated experimentation is possible when it comes to products and it is these experimentation that decide if the product sells itself or not. The risk level has been lowered since the experience of the product is tested beforehand and the customer is secure in the knowledge that the test product and final one delivered are not radically different from one another.

Services on the other hand are a different game altogether. Consider a beauty salon that offers haircuts and spa treatments. Each hairdresser and spa specialist differs from the other. They have their own unique skills and levels of experience. A hairdresser might have years of experience and very good skills but if at the end of it all, the customer does not like the haircut they got, they are less likely to recommend them to others. When it comes to service marketing, the experience of the customer is what counts the most and it is also the hardest part to market. Even if the salon decides to give free facials or haircuts as a part of brand promotion, repeated experiences are rare and hence the user always has a sense of caution. This is because a service rendered depends also on the moods of the customer at that particular time. These factors make services marketing highly challenging. A major part of service marketing depends on the relationship the marketer/ seller is able to establish with the customer. Studies have proven that it is difficult for people to be highly negative towards someone who is very positive in their behavior towards the said person. Their trust level is also higher in people they are familiar with. Marketers have to remember this and always create good relationships with their customers.

When it comes to marketing of services, do remember that it is all about customer relationships. An example I can give is that of a Southwest Airlines case. A customer who was a vegetarian was mistakenly given a non-vegetarian meal and he when complained, the air hostess found out that a vegetarian meal was not available. She gave him some fruits she had with her instead, profusely apologizing for the mistake. Once the airplane landed, the captain personally escorted the passenger to the executive lounge where a special meal was arranged. They then proceeded to give the passenger a complimentary car ride from the airport to the hotel. The passenger was so highly impressed with the staff that he decided that he would always travel with them whenever he had to travel. This earned Southwest Airlines a lifetime customer! Similarly, Compassites prides itself in the customer relationships that it has fostered over the past 7 years of operations.

Some might argue that to understand each and every customer’s psyche is impossible when a business might have hundreds of customers, but one has to remember that most of human behavior is quite similar in nature irrespective of their race, age etc. The solution to having a huge amount of customers is creating a demographic of similarly behaving individuals, understanding the demographic and catering to their needs.

That said, neither product nor services marketing would produce great results if the underlying product or service is of poor standards. It is highly critical to maintain quality in terms of product and service for it to be a success.

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IGNOU MS-05 (Management of Machines and Materials) Solved Assignment January 2015 Preview

Course Code : MS-05
Course Title : Management of Machines and Materials
Assignment Code : MS-05/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Explain in detail the framework of planning, organizing and control decisions in production systems. Give suitable examples to explain the framework.

Ans.: Planning is the function of management that involves setting objectives and determining a course of action for achieving those objectives. Planning requires that managers be aware of environmental conditions facing their organization and forecast future conditions. It also requires that managers be good decision makers.

Planning is a process consisting of several steps. The process begins with environmental scanning which simply means that planners must be aware of the critical contingencies facing their organization in terms of economic conditions, their competitors, and their customers. Planners must then attempt to forecast future conditions. These forecasts form the basis for planning.

Planners must establish objectives, which are statements of what needs to be achieved and when. Planners must then identify alternative courses of action for achieving objectives. After evaluating the various alternatives, planners must make decisions about the best courses of action for achieving objectives. They must then formulate necessary steps and ensure effective implementation of plans. Finally, planners must constantly evaluate the success of their plans and take corrective action when necessary.

For efficient, effective and economical operation in a manufacturing unit of an organization, it is essential to integrate the production planning and control system. Production planning and subsequent production control follow adaption of product design and finalization of a production process. Production planning and control address a fundamental problem of low productivity, inventory management and resource utilization. Production planning is required for scheduling, dispatch, inspection, quality management, inventory management, supply management and equipment management. Production control ensures that production team can achieve required production target, optimum utilization of resources, quality management and cost savings.
Planning and control are an essential ingredient for success of an operation unit. The benefits of production planning and control are as follows:

• It ensures that optimum utilization of production capacity is achieved, by proper scheduling of the machine items which reduces the idle time as well as over use.
• It ensures that inventory level are maintained at optimum levels at all time, i.e. there is no over-stocking or under-stocking.
• It also ensures that production time is kept at optimum level and thereby increasing the turnover time.
• Since it overlooks all aspects of production, quality of final product is always maintained.
Production planning is one part of production planning and control dealing with basic concepts of what to produce, when to produce, how much to produce, etc. It involves taking a long-term view at overall production planning. Therefore, objectives of production planning are as follows:
• To ensure right quantity and quality of raw material, equipment, etc. are available during times of production.
• To ensure capacity utilization is in tune with forecast demand at all the time.

A well thought production planning ensures that overall production process is streamlined providing following benefits:

• Organization can deliver a product in a timely and regular manner.
• Supplier are informed will in advance for the requirement of raw materials.
• It reduces investment in inventory.
• It reduces overall production cost by driving in efficiency.

Production planning takes care of two basic strategies’ product planning and process planning. Production planning is done at three different time dependent levels i.e. long-range planning dealing with facility planning, capital investment, location planning, etc.; medium-range planning deals with demand forecast and capacity planning and lastly short term planning dealing with day to day operations.

Production control looks to utilize different type of control techniques to achieve optimum performance out of the production system as to achieve overall production planning targets. Therefore, objectives of production control are as follows:

• Regulate inventory management
• Organize the production schedules
• Optimum utilization of resources and production process

The advantages of robust production control are as follows:

• Ensure a smooth flow of all production processes
• Ensure production cost savings thereby improving the bottom line
• Control wastage of resources
• It maintains standard of quality through the production life cycle.

Production control cannot be same across all the organization. Production control is dependent upon the following factors:

• Nature of production (job oriented, service oriented, etc.)
• Nature of operation
• Size of operation

Production planning and control are essential for customer delight and overall success of an organization.


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IGNOU Management Programme students can download MS-02 Solved Assignment 2015 for free exclusively on myignou.in. Management of Human Resources (MS-2) can be directly downloaded by clicking on the following download button below.

IGNOU MS-02 (Management of Human Resources) Solved Assignment 2015 Preview

Course Code : MS-02
Course Title : Management of Human Resources
Assignment Code : MS-02/TMA/SEM-I/2015
Coverage : All Blocks

Note: Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2015 to the coordinator of your study center.

1. Briefly explain the need for, types of, and the uses of various psychological tests in the evaluation of candidates during the recruitment and selection process of an organization. Explain with examples you have had in the organization you have been working in, or you are familiar with. Briefly describe the organization and the context, you are referring to.

Ans.: According to R.D. Gatewood and H.S. Field, employee selection is the "process of collecting and evaluating information about an individual in order to extend an offer of employment." Employee selection is part of the overall staffing process of the organization, which also includes human resource (HR) planning, recruitment, and retention activities. By doing human resource planning, the organization projects its likely demand for personnel with particular knowledge, skills, and abilities (KSAs), and compares that to the anticipated availability of such personnel in the internal or external labor markets. During the recruitment phase of staffing, the organization attempts to establish contact with potential job applicants by job postings within the organization, advertising to attract external applicants, employee referrals, and many other methods, depending on the type of organization and the nature of the job in question. Employee selection begins when a pool of applicants is generated by the organization's recruitment efforts. During the employee selection process, a firm decides which of the recruited candidates will be offered a position....

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IGNOU MBA MS-02 (Management of Human Resources) Solved Assignment Details

1. Course Code : MS-02
2. Course Title : Management of Human Resources
3. Assignment Code : MS-02/TMA/SEM-I/2014
4. Coverage : All Blocks