Time : 3 Hours

Max. Marks : 75

---

Note : Question one is compulsory. Answer any three from the rest.

---

Q.1(a). Design a Relational database to the E- R diagram given below:

--DIAGRAM IS NOT AVAILABLE--

Tabular representation of the Relational Database for the above E-R Diagram

Entities and its Attributes :

(b) Explain the following general integrity rules of Relational Mode:
(i) Entity Integrity
(ii) Referential Integrity

(c) For the relations P and Q, perform the following operation:

(i)Find the projection of Q on the attributes (B,C)
(ii) Find the natural join of P and Q on the common attributes.

(d)Write short notes on:
(i) Object oriented databases
(ii) Specialization
(iii) Generalization
(iv) Data independence
(v) Query processor

Q.2(a). Explain the distinction between the representation of association and relationship in the network and hierarchical models.

(b) Explain why navigation is simpler in the relational model than in the hierarchical data model.

Q.3. Discuss the differences between the following file organization.

(a) Serial
(b) Index-Sequential
(c) Hashed
(d) Inverted

Comp are their storage and access efficiencies- To what type of application is each of the organisations suited?

Q.4(a). What are the advantages of normalised relations over unnormalised relations?

(b) Why is 4 NF preferable to BCNF ?

(c) Explain the design goals of a good relational database design.

Q.5(a). Explain how the knowledge representation is done through Semantic Network.

(b) Discuss the basics of Client-server computing paradigm.

(c) Explain Dynamic Data Exchange and Remote Procedure Call.

Time : 3 Hours

Max. Marks : 75

---

Note : Question one is compulsory. Answer any three from the rest.

---

Q.1(a). Name the major advantages of a Database Management System (DBMS) over a File Management System.

(b) Define the following concepts in the context of DBMS:
(i) Bit Map
(ii) Candidate Key
(iii) Referential integrity

(c) What does VSAM stand for? Briefly describe VSAM.

(d) Discuss briefly the possible problem with an unnormalized database.

(e)We are given the following record-types (relation types):

Express the following commands in SQL:

(i) Get P# for the parts for which weight of the part is 5 kg and colour is black,
(ii) Give the details of all suppliers from the city of Bombay and turnover of more than Rs. 50 lacs.

(f) Compare object oriented and Relational approaches to Database design.

(g) Explain briefly what do you understand by Distributed computing environment.

This also includes the following :

1. Global Dictionary
2. Two Phase Commit (2Pc)
3. Replicated Server/Table

2(a). Describe the problems that are caused by data redundancies. Can data redundancies be completely eliminated, when database approach is used? Give reasons in support of your answer.

(b) Draw E-R diagram for any one of the following two organisations: (i) University, (ii) Hospital, after determining the entities of interest and the relationships that exist between these entities.

(c) Define the following terms:

(i) Association
(ii) Relationship
(iii) Aggregation

Q.3(a). The People’s Bank others five types of accounts: loan, checking, premium savings, daily interest saving and money market It operates a number Of branches, and a client of the bank can have any number of accounts. Accounts can be joint; i.e. more than one client may be able to operate a given account Draw a diagrammatic representation of the Network model of the bank, after identifying the relevant concepts.

(b) In respect of project we are given the following record-types for the relational model of the database:
EMPLOYEE: with fields as ‘Emp#’ and ‘Name’
ASSIGNEDJTO: with fields as ‘Projects and ‘Emp#’
PROJECT: with fields and ‘Projects, ‘Project_Name’, ‘Chief_Architect’.

Where ‘Chief_Architect’ is a three-digit code and all other fields have obvious meanings. Then express the following queries in relational algebra:

(i) ‘Get Emp# of employees working on project COMP353′
(ii) ‘Get details of employees (both number and name 3) working on project COMP353′
(iii) ‘Gather details of employees working on both COMP353 and COMP354′

(c) Briefly describe the various possible problems with a (not normalised) database.

Q4(a). Is the following relation in Third Normal Form?

Roll No. Name Department Year Hostel Name
2101 Raman Physics I Ganga
2102 Krishna Chemistry I Ganga
2103 Abdul Mathematics U Kaveri
2104 John Botany S Kaveri

Justify your answer, if it is in Third Normal Form. If it is not, then bring it in Third Normal Form.

(b)Again consider the. record-types given in Question No. l(e):
Where S# and P# are keys respectively for SUPPLIER and PARTS.
Express the following in SQL:

(i) Get the part numbers that cost 20,30 or 40 rupees.
(ii) Get the supplier names who do not supply part
(iii) Get the part numbers whose cost is greater than average cost

(c) Discuss the issue of Data Replication or the issue of Data Fragmentation in respect of distributed database.

Q.6. Discuss the following with reference to File organization for conventional DBMS:
(i) List the key features of B-tree and how it is different from B+ - tree
(ii) Why do we need multilist file organisation?
(iii) Explain comparison and trade-off in the design of a multikey file.

Time : 3 Hours

Max. Marks : 75

---

Note : Question one is compulsory. Answer any three from the rest.

---

Q.1(a). Name six major components of a Data Base Management System.

(b)Define the following concepts in context of DBMS,
(i) Inverted List
(ii) Foreign Key
(iii) Referential Integrity

(c) What does ISAM stand for? Briefly describe the advantages of ISAM indexes/Indices.

(d) For the set of following two relations:

P:
B
b1
b2

And Q :
A B
a1 b1
a2 b1
a3 b1
a1 b2
a4 b2
a5 b2

Find out which of the following operation(s) are defined on this set of record types:

(e) Briefly describe the properties of a normalized relation.

(f) Write briefly about the advantages of Data distribution.
Data Sharing and Distributed Control

(g) Name the fundamental ideas underlying Object Oriented Technology (OOT)

(h) Briefly explain what do you understand by a Knowledge Base System.

Q2(a). Explain briefly the levels of an architecture of a DBMS. Viz., Internal level. Conceptual level and External level.

(b) Draw E-R diagram for any one of the following two organization viz., (i) Public Library, (ii) Hospital, after determining the entities of interest and the relationship that exist between these entities.

(c) Define the following terms:
(i) Aggregation
(ii) Specialization
(iii) Generalization

Below is the Diagrammatic Representation of Specialization and Generalization : -
--DIAGRAM IS NOT AVAILABLE--

Q.3(a). Draw diagrammatic representation of a university, which runs a number of program say Pj.....Pm ; The program P; hasnj course Cjj of Pj for each I is pursued by a set Sjj of students. The diagrammatic representation is to reflect the hierarchical structure of the university system.

(b) Given the relational schemes:

ENROLL (S#, C#, Section)
TEACH (Prof, C#, Section)
ADVISE (Prof, S#)
PRE_REQ (C#, Pre_C#)
GRADES (S#, C#, Grade, Year)
STUDENT (S#, Sname)

Where S#, C# represent respectively ’student number’ and ‘course number’: Sname is student name. Prof is thesis advisor of S# in ADVISE, Pre_C# is prerequisite course.

Express the following queries in relational algebra :

(i) List all student taking courses with Mr. Ram and Mr Abdul.
(ii) List all those professors who teach more than one section of the same course.

(c) What are the essential components of a DBMS?

Q.4(a). For the following record type, tell whether it is Third Normal From or Not: EMPLOYEE (Employee- Code, Employee-name, department, salary, project-no., Termination-date-of-project)
Where each project-no has unique Termination-Date-of-Project. Justify your answer, if it is in third normal form. It is not in third normal form, being it into third normal form through normalization.

(b)Consider the record-types given below:

SUPPLIER : S# SNAME SCITY TURNOVER

PARTS : P# WEIGHT COLOUR COST SELLING PRICE

SUPPLY PARTS : P# QUANTITY

Where S# and P# are keys respectively for SUPPLIER and PARTS. Express the following in SQL

(i) Get the part numbers weighting between 25 and 35
(ii) Get the supplier names (SJVAME) who are located in the city of Hyderabad.
(iii) Get the names of suppliers who supply at least one part of red colour
(iv) Delete all the suppliers involving red colored parts.

Q.5(a). Briefly discuss the alternative Object-Oriented Database strategies.

(b) Briefly explain, the main features of client/server computing.

(c) Explain briefly, with atleast one suitable example any one of the following knowledge representation schemes.

(i) Semantic Nets
(ii) Frame Based
(iii) Logic

Q.6(a). Discuss main difference between Relational database Management system and Object oriented database management system.

(b) Discuss the following with reference to distributed computing environment
(i) Remote Procedure Call

(ii) Object Linking and Embedding.

(c) Explain the steps required for client server application development.

Time : 3 Hours

Max. Marks : 100

---

Note : Your answers should be brief. Wherever possible, support your answers with facts and figures.

---

SECTION A

A1 Choose correct answer from the options given below each question:1×10 = 10
(i) Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(a) Rational mechanics - Bronze Age
(b) Use of regular coinage - Iron Age
(c) Treatment of wounds/ - Stone Age
Diagnosis of diseases
(ii) Which of the following innovations in techniques and craft belongs to Gupta period?
(a) Building with cement and concrete
(b) Using bronze ploughsares
(c) Making rust-proof iron
(iii) Which of the following observations led to the conclusion that the earth was spherical?
(a) Change of seasons
(b) Ships seemed to sink below the horizon as they sailed away
(c) Sphere is a geometrically perfect figure
(iv) Who among the following suggested the law of universal gravitation?
(a) Robert Boyle (b) Isaac Newton
(d) Johannes Kepler
(v) Carakas (Charak) postulated theories about
(a) Origin of the Universe
(b) Structure of matter
(c) Diagnosis and prognosis of disease
(vi) Which of the following is a persistent pollutant?
(a) Household garbage (b) Farm wastes
(c) Nuclear wastes
(vii) On which model of learning is commercial advertising based?
(a) Stimulus-response (b) Reward and punishment
(c) Cognitive learning
(viii) Some programmes on Doordarshan have an overwhelmingly harmful effect on our culture, because
(a) they have only entertainment value
(b) they are far removed from our own culture
(c) they tend to inculcate in viewers violence and insensitivity towards fellow beings
(ix) Which of the following is a water-borne disease?
(a) Chicken pox (b) Cholera
(c) Malaria
(x) In which of the following areas of performance, is the human brian still superior to a computer?
(a) Speed (b) Accuracy
(c) Creativity

A2 Give short answers (in not more than 50 words each): 2×10 = 20
(i) State two major consequences of Industrial Revolution.
(ii) State at least two developments that helped the advance of science and technology during Renaissance.
(iii) List two aspects of the role o developed countries which impede our development in science and technology.
(iv) State the name and the contributions of two scientists in pre-Independence India.
(v) List two features which distinguish the early Earth from present day Earth.
(vi) List four basic resources of agriculture.
(vii) Give two reasons fro the green house effect.
(viii) Give two factors that should be kept in mind while using fertilizers.
(ix) List two renewable and two non-renewable energy resources.
(x) Give two main risk associated with the use of fission energy.

SECTION B

Attempt any eight questions. Each question carries 5 marks. Limit your answer to 100 words. 8×5 = 40

B1. Briefly comment on the statement, “Stable and secure position of dominant groups may lead to stagnation in society and in science.”
B2. Who in the society should decide about the purpose of science and technology? Justify your answer.
B3. What factors led to the formation of two distinct social groups in the Bronze Age societies? What was the difference between these two groups?
B4. What does Darwin’s theory of natural selection postulate? How does it differ from Lamarck’s theory?
B5. What factors lead to soil pollution?
B6. List two factors related to eutrophication.
B7. Explain briefly how vaccination help stop build resistance towards diseases.
B8. Why is it important to have a balanced and equitable flow of information?
B9. Describe the applications of computer technology in our day-to-day lives.
B10. List the socio-economic needs that led to the advances in techniques in the early phase of the growth of cities.
B11. What are the various mineral resources which can be recovered from the ocean Name at least one oceanic resource which India is using.

SECETION C

Attempt any three questions. Each question carries 1- marks. Limit your answer to 250 words 3×10=30
C1. Comment on the statement, “There is a mismatch between man’s scientific ability to produce and social incapacity to utilize”.
C2. Media can help evolution of composite culture. Explain how. In your opinion, how far do the programmes on All India Radio and Doordarshan help to achieve this objective?
C3. What do you understand by biotechnology? In what ways can biotechnology play an important part in development?
C4. Narora Atomic Power Station is right on the Ganges Canal. What factors should have been considered before its construction? what are the likely environmental dangers from this plant?
C5. Describe the life story of stars.

Time : 2 Hours

Max. Marks : 60

---

Note : Question number 1 is compulsory. Answer any three questions from the rest. All algorithms should be written nearer to 'C' language.

---

Q.I (a) A general polynomial A(x) can be written as
ax’ + a .x"-1 +…..+ a,x + a.
where an*0 and we say that the degree of A is ‘n Each ax1 is a term of the polynomial. If a. - 0, then it is a zero term, otherwise, it is a nonzero term. Now, write an algorithm which evaluates a polynomial at a value ‘x0′

(b) Let (P’ be a pointer to a circularly linked list Show how this list may be used as a queue by writing algorithms to add and delete elements. Specify the value for *P’ when the queue is empty.

(c) Write a non-recursive procedure for traversing a Binary Tree in “Preorder".

Q.2(a) Draw the internal memory representation of the following Binary Tree using sequential representation :

(b) Write an algorithm to construct the binary tree with a given preorder and inorder sequence.

Q.3(a) Write the postfix form of the following expressions
(i) -A + B - C + D
(ii) A**B**C

(b) Write an algorithm for generating the transpose of a given sparse matrix.

Q.4(a) Prove that the number of edges in an n-vertex complete graph is n(n-l)/2.

(b) Write Kruskal’s Algorithm.

Q.5(a) Consider the following graph :

Find the minimum cost spanning tree for the above graph using Prim’s Algorithm.

(b) Write a program to determine whether a directed graph of ‘n’ vertices has a cycle.

Q.6(a) Write an algorithm to implement insertion sort.

(b) The input sequence to a Quick Sort Algorithm which sorts in decreasing order is : 4,5,25,23, 11, 15, 16, 18
Show the sorting process stepwise.

Time : 2 Hours

Max. Marks : 60

---

Note : Question number 1 is compulsory. Answer any three questions from the rest. All algorithms should be written nearer to 'C' language.

---

Q.l(a) Write a program EXPR in C language which evaluates a Reverse Polish expression from the command line, where each operator or operand is a separate argument. For example,

EXPR 2 3 4 + *
evaluates 2 x (3 + 4).
For example:

(b) Give the node structure for implementing a linked list containing two information fields viz. info 1, info 2. Let p be the pointer to the first node of the linked list. Traverse the linked list to go to the node containing the information info 1 = u and>Hen print the info 1 and info 2 fields.

(c) Define binary search tree. Write a function in *C* to create a binary search tree.

Q.2(a) The order of nodes of a Binary Tree in Preorder and Inorder Traversal are as follows :
Preorder ; A B C D F H J M K E G I L N
Inorder : A D J M H K F C I N L G E B
Draw the corresponding Binary Tree.

(b) List the differences between a Singly Linked Circular List and Doubly Linked Circular List. List the advantages of each list.

Q.3(a) Draw the tree representation for the following prefix expression :
+*/A**BCDE

(b) Write a non-recursive program in ‘C language to traverse a binary tree in preorder.

Q.4(a) Consider the following diagraph :

Write an algorithm which accepts an adjacency matrix as input and prints the corresponding graph as output.

(b) Write the advantages of arrays over linked list and advantages of linked list over arrays.

Q5. Discuss the differences between the following file organization techniques :
1. Sequential File Organization
2. Index Sequential File Organization
3. Direct File Organization

To what type of applications are each of the above techniques suited?

Q.6(a) Write an Algorithm to implement Two Way Merge Sort. Discuss its efficiency.

(b) The input sequence to a Quick Sort Algorithm which sorts in increasing order is: 11, 2, 23, 14, 15, 66, 22
Show the sorting process stepwise.

Time : 2 Hours

Max. Marks : 75

---

Note : Question number 1 is compulsory. Answer any three questions from the rest.

---

1.(a) Given a 12 liters vessel filled with milk and two empty vessels with capacities of 9
liters and 5 liters. How can you divide the milk into 2 equal portions? Explain and
write the sequence of steps to solve.
(b) If you are given the information that the counterfeit coin is heavier than the others, how
will you pick it in only two weightings?
(c) Explain how the access of workbook in EXCEL can b restricted from other users.
d) Explain the different types of connections to internet.

2. (a) Give the shortcuts to select the following using keyboard in MS-EXCEL:
(i) Current Cell
(ii) Entire Column
(iii) Entire Row
(iv) entire worksheet
(v) Open a new worksheet
(vi) Open an existing worksheet
(vii) Extend selection to End of Data Block
(b) Explain the different types of data that can be entered in worksheet cells.
(c) the 3 ways of referencing the cells in MS-EXCEL worksheet.

3. (a) Explain the following:
(i) WWW
(ii) Telnet
(iii) FTP
(iv) E-Mail
(b) Write the steps to search for a specific information on the internet using a search
engine. List any 10 search engines.

4. (a) Prove that there is atleast one prime between K2 and (K+1)2 for all integers K
satisfying 1£K£20.
(b) What is the remainder left after dividing 1! + 2! + 3!………100! by 7 ?
(c) Find a prime division of the form 4K+3 for the integer 4(3X7X!!X19)-1.

5. (a) What are custom controls ? Explain their use on the worksheet. Write the sequence
of steps for creating controls on the worksheet.
(b) List and explain different tools and services available on internet.

6. (a) Determine all 3 digits numbers N such that N is divisible by 11, and N/11 equals the
sum of the squares of the digits of N.
(b) Prove that for any positive x<1, the series 1+x+x2+x3 +--------xn converges to 1/(1-x) as n
tends to infinity.

---

---

Note: Answer two questions from DCQ, four from MCQ and the last question number 13 is compulsory.

---

Descriptive Category Questions (DCQ): Answer any two of the following questions in about 500 words each.

1. Discuss the main changes introduced in social and cultural life during Renaissance in Europe.
2. Discuss the socio-religious reform movements in 19th century India.
3. What do you mean by Planning? Discuss the objectives of Planning in India. Are these objectives conflicting?
4. Assess the impact of India’s struggle for freedom on anti-colonial struggle in Asian and African countries.

Middle Category Question (MCQ) : Answer any four of the following questions in about 250 words each.

5. Discuss the social developments leading to the emergence of class society.
6. Discuss the main features of feudal system in Europe.
7. Analyse various land settlements introduced by the British in India.
8. What do you understand by regionalism? Do you think it is an impediment to national unity in India ?
9. What are the Directive Principles of State Policy? Analyse their significance.
10. How has the policy of reservation helped the depressed classes in India? Give your views on its continuation.
11. Describe the status of women in India. Suggest Some measures to improve that.
12. “Militarism” is a threat to our ecosystem. “Discuss. Short Category Questions (SCQ)

13. Write short notes on any two of the following in about 100 words each : (i) Urban Revolution in Bronze Age
(ii) Slavery in Ancient India
(iii) Mixed Economy
(iv) SWAPO

---

Time : 2 Hours

Max. Marks : 60

---

Note: Question number 1 is compulsory. Attempt any three questions from the rest.

---

1. (a) What should be the configuration of a computer that is to be used at your home? Justify your answer. Categories the various terms used for configuration description under the broad categories: CPU,Memory, Input/Output devices and Bus or Interconnection structures. [5]

(b)How does a user interact with an operating system of computer?What is the need of an operating system in a computer? Can two operating systems be loaded in a computer at a time? Justify your answer. [5]

(c)What is meant by the term “Iteration”? Describe the use of a two dimensional array with the help of iteration. How is iteration different or similar to Recursion. [5]

(d)The protocol sued on internet is “TCP/IP”? What does the above statement mean in the context of data communication? Suppose that a LAN protocol which has been implemented on STAR topology LAN, can it be implemented on RING topology network? Justify your answer. [5]

(e)Describe the basic components of the graphical user interface giving an example each from MS-Windows. [5]

(f)What is a WORM in the context of computers? How is it different than computer virus? Can a worm be spread through e-mail messages? Can a virus spread through e-mail message? Justify your answer.[5]

2.Compare and contrast the following: [10]
(a) Batch Processing versus Multiprogramming.
(b) Registers versus Main memory versus Cache memory
(c) Assembler versus Compiler versus Interpreter
(d) System calls versus Command line interfaces.

3.(a)Describe the characteristics of distributed operating system. How isit different to that of Network Operating System? Is it essential that a distributed operating system must be a network operating system also. Justify your answer. [6]
(b)Differentiate the basic requirements of multitasking, multi process and time sharing operating systems. What are the basic requirementsfor a real-time operating system. [4]

4.(a)Compare and contrast the feature of various wired transmission media used in local area networks? What are the limitations of these wired media for Wide Area Network. [6]
(b)What is Electronic Data Interchange (EDI)? How is it different to E-mail? What are the hardware needed for connecting your computerto make use the features of EDI? [4]

5. (a)What situation/application would you like to use ‘Mailmerge’ feature of a Word Processor? Describe with the help of suitable example. [3]

(b)What are the basic utilities available in Windows to deal with somevery basic problems such as bad sectors, bad response time etc?[3]

(c)What are the basic threats to computer security? How can you counter a threat life “occurrence of a disaster” in the area computer is placed? [4]

---

Time : 2 Hours

Max. Marks : 60

---

Note: Question number 1 is compulsory.Attempt any three questions from the rest.

---

1. (a). What are the functional components of a computer System? What configuration will you suggest for this components? Suggest hardware devices which you would like to procure with a computer. Justify the suggested configuration and devices

(b). Why do you need a operating system in a computer ? Which operating system would you suggest for tour lab computes? Give reasons for your selection.

(c). What are the basic looping constructs in a programming language? Write an algorithm for reading one dimensional array and then printing it.

(d). What is a protocol? Describe one protocol used for Local Area Network. Can a specific protocol be linked to only a single topology? Give reasons in support of your answer.

(e). Can a file infector virus ,infect your system on receiving e-mail? Justify your answer. How is a typical virus different from a Trojan Horse? How can you control virus infection to your system?

(f). What are the basic components of a Graphical User Interface? Describe each of the components and give example for that component in the context of Windows.

2. Compare and contrast the following:

(a) SPOOLING and BUFFERING
(b) Compiler versus Interpreter.
(c) EEPROM versus ROM.
(d) Registers versus Cache memory in memory hierarchy.
(e) CD-ROM versus Hard Disk (HD)

3. Write short note on the following giving one example each (wherever applicable):

(a) Network Operating System
(b) Distributed Operating System.
(c) Time sharing Operating System.
(d) System Calls and Command Line Interfaces.
(e) Batch Systems.

4. (a). Describe briefly the various wired transmission media used in LANs. Compare and contrast their features.

(b). Describe the following terms in the context of computer Networks (any two):
(i) TCP/IP
(ii) EDI
(iii) MODEM

5. (a). Describe the following features of Word Processor giving one example each:
(i) Mailmerge
(ii) Macro
(iii) Autotext and find.

(b). Describe the various Security threats to a compute system.

---